What Setting Ttells Us Essay Example For Students

What Setting Ttells Us? Article What Setting Tells Us In William Faulkners A Rose for Emily, the storyteller cautiously portrays the house that Miss Emily lives in. This depiction causes us picture a rotting Mississippi town in the post-Civil War South. We likewise find out about Miss Emilys protection from change. It was a major, squarish edge house that had once been white, enriched with vaults and towers and looked over overhangs in the vigorously lightsome style of the seventies, set on what had once been our most select road. In any case, carports and cotton gins had infringed and decimated even the august names of that area; just Miss Emilys house was left, lifting its obstinate and flirtatious rot over the cotton carts and the gas pumpsan blemish among blemishes. We will compose a custom paper on What Setting Ttells Us? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Later we go into the house itself and, in the end, end up inside one specific room. The physical subtleties of the setting become connected with the qualities, standards, and mentalities of that place in various occasions. Setting can include a significant component of importance, reflecting character and typifying topic. Notice how the subtleties of the setting give the insights for understanding the homicide in A Jury of Her Peers. Thus, they light up the more profound importance of the story.

My Life as a Carbon Atom In The Bush essays

My Life as a Carbon Atom In The Bush articles My name is Bon, and I am a carbon particle. I am a non-metal component, living in the north eastern area of the intermittent table, in Period 2, Group IV, which implies I have two involved shells and contain 4 electrons in my valance shell. I am all around famous from my substance image of C, and recognized by my nuclear number 6, and the nuclear mass 12.01. Without me, life as we probably am aware it would not exist. Out of the other109 components in the intermittent table, I am the one in particular that has the properties that make it workable for living frameworks to create, because of my one of a kind capacity to shape a wide scope of mixes. This is by virtue of the way that I have four electrons accessible for holding with different molecules. I can likewise impart my electrons to other carbon particles, such as myself, in a structure called covalent holding. An aggravate that I am most regularly found in is oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, and hydrogen. A year ago I fortified with 11 carbons and 26 hydrogens and framed an enormous particle. We were extraordinary together, and we shared parts practically speaking, with our comparable electronegativites, which permitted us to frame a non-polar compound, decane. Decane is a hydrocarbon, a kind of natural compound. Alongside other synthetic mixes, however basically with hydrocarbons, we shaped a petroleum product, unrefined petroleum. Petroleum products are framed when some dead life forms are compacted under land, or water for extensive stretches, and experience substance changes. It wasnt until one day; we were mined and sent to a force plant station. There, we were exposed to high temperatures within the sight of an impetus. This procedure we experienced, was called Catalytic Cracking. The high temperatures made us separate into littler, and progressively helpful particles, however the temperatures additionally made us deteriorate. The impetus was utilized to bring down the temperatu re at which we would break, and kept us from deteriorating. The impetus likewise had a preferred position of creating the mechanically significant hydrocarb... <!

The Fastest Way To Think Of A Topic For Your College Admissions Essay

The Fastest Way To Think Of A Topic For Your College Admissions Essay Students Ask: What is the fastest way to come up with an essay idea? Students Ask: What is the fastest way to come up with an essay idea? One of our student Facebook friends asked us a great question this week, and as we began to respond, we realized the answer would be helpful to many of our essay-writing disciples.   Thus begins our new CEA series, “Students Ask” in which we will call for questions each week and expound upon the ones we think will help our students most of all. Q: What is the easiest and fastest way to come up with a main idea and thesis statement for a college scholarship essay about my personal background, academic field of study and career goals? A: Writing a college scholarship essay is slightly different from writing a general personal statement in that it should really focus on what led you to your desired field of study. That said, the brainstorming process is much the same. Try to identify the milestones in your life that may have led up to your academic interests career goals. Is there an interesting story about how your passion came to fruition? Also look for small stories that illustrate how you have already taken steps to pursue your passion. Anything you can do to show genuine interest and initiative in your area of study will make an impact with admissions and prove your worth. Here are some more general brainstorming tips for brainstorming, not just scholarship essays, but any college-oriented submission: Relax.   Take a walk while you think.   Eat an ice cream cone.   Do something you really enjoy doing while pondering the proposed essay question. Engaging in an activity you enjoy (versus sitting at the kitchen table in frustration) helps alleviate some of the pressure that comes along with starting the process and gets the creative juices flowing. Identify key milestones.   It often helps to talk this out with your family members and friends, but try and jig your memory for the most meaningful events in your life thus far.   Think about birthdays and anniversaries.   Special visits from long lost friends.   Competitions you won (or lost).   Up to this point in your life, what have been your most cherished memories and why?   You might not end up writing about your seventh grade science fair, but there could be a smaller, more significant story to mine from there. List the things you love.   What do you like to do in your spare time? Where is the place, big or small, that you feel most at home?   Try to list for yourself the things that make you tick â€" the things you would choose to engage in/with every day if you had no other obligations.   Why do you love these things?   What do they say about you?   Your passions can often be a helpful launch point for identifying small stories about what makes you a valuable asset in an academic/social environment. Dig to the details.   Often students think the subjects of their essays have to be broad umbrellas for their all-encompassing life stories.   This is not the case.   In fact, oftentimes the most effective essays tell tiny stories that illustrate a larger personality trait or passion.   An essay about your general passion for music is much less effective than the story of how you washed three hundred cars in twenty days in order to save money to see your favorite artist.   Find the compelling stories within your stories.   You often have a very small space in which to express yourself, which is why these essays lend themselves to bite-sized tales that are representative of the whole, versus broad subjects that say very little in-depth about your inherent nature. Don’t self-edit.   Get it all down.   The brainstorming process, in order for it to be truly effective, has to be one devoid of self-criticism and judgment.   You never know which ideas are going to spark inspiration for others, so as you begin to come up with topics, take notes on everything.   You’re not allowed to cross an idea off the list until you’ve squeezed your brain dry of inspiration over the course of at least three separate brainstorming sessions.   Give yourself some time to cultivate and build upon your initial thoughts.   The subjects that pop into your brain first are floating at the surface for a reason, even if just to lead you one step closer to your final, brilliant idea. About CEA HQView all posts by CEA HQ »

Answers to the Questions on the Movie Children of Men

Answers to the Questions on the Movie Children of Men Anthropology Response to Question 1 The characterization of the world from the commentators’ point of view as depicted by Children of men can be approached basing on two co-joined themes: Faith and hope. The commentators characterize the world as a place that is doomed; where hope and faith for desperate ones is dwindling in way or another. In their views, the commentators bring out the picture of the world as an empty nest. All the commentators depict a nightmarish future. Children of men gives an overview of how the post-modern world’s future is very uncertain. Many years (18) characterized by infertility places the society on the verge of extinction. Yet the world loses the world youngest man. On the other hand, illegal immigrants try to move into England anticipating the best, but the government quickly comes up with laws on immigration which target to oppress the immigrants. The commentators cite these in their view the world as a place where hope for the desperate ones would persistently dwindle, ju st as the refugees hope is dwindled before immigration laws as well as the world youngest man dying amidst the world infertility and ageing population. Response to Question 2 The response of this question is based on the themes of faith and hope. Indeed, the dwindling of faith and hope is evident in the world’s current occurrences. A turn of event that may be considered to be in line with this include riots (such as those evidenced UK), earthquake incidents (such as the recent Turkey havoc), economic crisis (such as those that have rocked Greece), harsh immigration laws (such as those being applied by United States) and widespread protests (such as those being evidenced in Africa). Hereunder, a special reference is given to recent earthquakes in Turkey. A strong earthquake recently struck Turkey, causing human deaths. At least over 1352 were feared dead as reported by BBC. Arguably, the death toll was so big that the state hospital lacked a space to ‘put the bodies’. This kind of calamity is disastrous as it wipes out a big population. The concerned parties are left to live on dwindling hope as the days go by and as rescue missions are carried out on the rubbles. But perhaps others have faith that the coming generation would have to device a way in which this could be sorted out. But how else could the coming generation achieve such expectations when the earthquake is threatens to wipe out the current generation; that would bear future generation? These are the kinds of nightmarish future dystopia as depicted by P.D James in Children of men. According to him, the number of children has reduced, having been 19 years since the last child was born. Yet the youngest person who would deliver the world from infertility is lat er killed. There is a connection between the two cases; in both, the generations are being wiped out through catastrophic deaths. Response to Question 3 There is a way in which anthropologists could help us understand and solve issues such as political tensions, conflicts as well as other world emergent crises. Concepts such as inequality, globalization, ethnic nationalism and stratification are areas through which the role of anthropology could be felt. Anthropologists could come up with theories and as well as methods in which the future problems could be solved. Anthropologist could organize seminars to discuss experiences in the contemporary world that are full of uncertainty. It is possible for anthropologists to come up with models that are teleological to changes (Miller 241). More so, they could come up with approaches to ascertain the rapture figures as well as future risks. For instance, through ethnography, anthropologists could examine various responses from human to establish political, personal as well as solutions that are practical to contemporary issues that place human lives under risks. In so doing, the scientists could to choose on subjects such as thoughts on rapture and futures that are uncertain, risk projection, risk speculations, return of the dwindling hopes, urban form experimentations and earthquake future calculations. Works cited Miller, Babara. Cultural Anthropology. Boston: Pearson Education Inc., 2007, Print.

Girl Before A Mirror By Pablo Picasso - 863 Words

Everyone can agree that the reflection in a mirror when you look at yourself will illustrate a sense of pride in your appearance and achievements. In 1932, Pablo Picasso painted a picture titled Girl before a mirror with the subject being his French mistress Marie-Therese Walter. Picasso used a cubism stylistic approach while he created this painting. Furthermore, the idea of cubism is to take apart an object and break it down into simple shapes. Then, recreate those shapes onto a canvas and it will allow for multiple perspectives (Pablo Picasso). In addition, the multiple perspectives draw in audiences with different values and meanings of the painting. On a psychological level this painting represents a reflection of the self. Moreover, how ones see’s themselves and how others see them. This painting explains the duality of our nature. Duality happens because ones mind cannot directly experience the universe alone. Therefore our mind separates understanding and meaning from the truths. The two parts of our duality are called relatives and absolutes (The Relative and the Absolute). Having these dualities helps people see different perspectives. Experimenting with all the different perspectives allows for realization that all perspectives are relative. In addition, there are no worthless or meaningless perspectives. In this painting, I believe that Pablo Picasso has achieved duality and has been accepting to all differing viewpoints. The two main audiences with differingShow MoreRelatedWhat Was Girl Before A Mirror By Pablo Picasso1199 Words   |  5 PagesThe painting I chose to interpret was Girl Before a Mirror by Pablo Picasso, made in 1932. The medium of this painting is oil on canvas, and its dimension is 64x51  ¼Ã¢â‚¬  (162.3 x 130.2 cm). At first glance, you notice a blend of both vibrant and cool colors, creating a contrast between the woman and her reflection. Picasso also incorporated a mixture of unusual geometrical shapes that resemble a woman. In the painting, she seems to have clothes on her body but also seems to be naked. The paint strokesRead MoreCubism In Pablo Picassos Girl Before A Mirror790 Words   |  4 PagesThe â€Å" Girl Before a Mirror† was painted in 1932 by Pablo Picasso.the painting Girl Before a Mirror by Pablo Picasso is one of the masterpieces of the Cubism movement. Girl Before a Mirror is an amazing painting of his young mistress Marie Therese Walter. Therefore, T he painting is very involved as it tries to portray a woman facing her image as a pure innocent young lady to a woman that she is becoming. In addition, †Girl Before a Mirror’ is a painting that talks about reflections of self. TheRead More Pablo Picasso and Cubic Art Essay1621 Words   |  7 Pageswomen are creator, caretaker, destroyer and a lover. Such beliefs are common in both eastern culture and western tradition that can be seen represented in different canvases of many famous artists. From renaissance Michelangelo Angelo to abstract Pablo Picasso, artists have always painted women in different circles of life explaining different paradox of emotional feelings, spiritual beliefs, and physical representations. Explaining such themes in balanced form and in limited canvases was not possibleRead MoreComparing Matisse Picasso And Van Gogh1463 Words   |  6 PagesTo compare and contrast artists Pablo Picasso and Van Gogh, and to consider their intentions with their artwork. In this essay, I will be comparing and contrasting artists Pablo Picasso and Van Gogh, considering their intentions with their artwork. Van Gogh and Picasso two of the most famous artists out there and still are to this day. Uncountable books have been published and dedicated to them and their lives and careers of being true artist. Their art has changed the way people view things andRead MoreComparing Picasso And Van Gogh1472 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay, I will be comparing and contrasting artists Pablo Picasso and Van Gogh, considering their intentions with their artwork. Van Gogh and Picasso two of the most famous artists out there and still are to this day. Uncountable books have been published and dedicated to them and their lives and careers of being true artist. Their art has changed the way people view things and the world around them. Vincent van Gogh was one of many artists who self taught himself, who transformed the appearanceRead MoreGirl before a Mirror1200 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Girl before a Mirror, an oil on canvas painting by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso, shows two sides of a girl; one which is illustrated with a dark tone and one with a vibrant colorful tone. This painting is bright; colors are at full intensity and are arranged next to their complements, producing a visual relationship between shape and form. Forms are used to draw the viewer’s eye across the canvas where circular shapes, repeating throughout the work, are compensated by the pattern of diagonal linesRead More History of Pablo Picasso and his Art Essay1423 Words   |  6 PagesHistory of Pablo Picasso and his Art Pablo Picasso was a Spanish painter and sculptor, generally considered the greatest artist of the 20th century. He was unique as an inventor of forms, as an innovator of styles and techniques, as a master of various media, and as one of the most prolific artists in history. He created more than 20,000 works. Picassos genius manifested itself early: at the age of 10 he made his first paintings, and at 15 he performed brilliantly on the entrance examinationsRead MoreGuernica a Paint by Pablo Ruiz Picasso1471 Words   |  6 PagesPicasso: Guernica â€Å" I paint objects as I think them, not as I see them.† These are the words of the wise Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, a famous and talented artist in the 19th and 20th century. Many have crowned him the most influential artist of his time. Many of his works including Les Demoiselles dAvignon, Ma Jolie, and Girl Before a Mirror have set the tone for many artists to follow after. However, Guernica was one of his most famous of his pieces, painting a nearly perfect emotional picture of whatRead More Kaleidoscope Essay2076 Words   |  9 Pagesarranged and defined. â€Å"Turn it, now,† my grandfather orders, smiling. Suddenly, the clear composition unravels. It becomes a moving color war, triangles and rectangles interacting, skirting around one another to form patterns that linger only fleetingly before changing again. I gasp, intrigued. â€Å"That’s the beautiful part,† my grandfather observes. â€Å"It’s beautiful when it’s turning.† The challenge of cleaning out my desk drawers in preparation for the move to New York results in my stumbling across anRead MoreThe Treatment of the Human Figure: a Travel Through Time1231 Words   |  5 PagesThe Treatment of the Human Figure: Examining Interpretations Through History Throughout history artists have been fascinated with the human figure. Before photography was invented, painting, drawing and printmaking served as the only forms of visual documentation. It often felt the purpose of art was to capture a likeness; often the beauty of the human figure was stressed and imperfections of those who were being portrayed were minimized. Thus, here was little room for artistic expression

Letter to Simon (Class Discussion) Free Essays

Dear Simon, I would personally like to welcome you to our country. To begin with, the basic primary functions of an operating system (OS) is managing resources such as coordinating the hard drive, internal memory, processor, etc. to make your computer run more smoothly. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to Simon (Class Discussion) or any similar topic only for you Order Now The operating system also acts as a User Interface with the application Microsoft Office, with the trial version already installed onto your computer. Finally, running applications meaning running all the application software such as Microsoft Word in Microsoft Office which we are going to discuss. The main three features of Microsoft Office that I am going to discuss with you are spelling and grammar check feature, the status bar feature, and the Word Help feature. These features will be most helpful I believe with your experience as a student and a worker. The first we will discuss will be the spelling and grammar check feature. You will be able to use this feature to correct misspelled words and incorrect grammar in your document. This is most helpful when typing an essay for school and creating a document for the office such as a business proposal. As you type, Word automatically checks your typing for spelling and grammar errors. When you misspell a word or use incorrect grammar, a red (for the misspelling) and a green (for incorrect grammar) wavy underline will appear underneath the errors. You can go to the incorrect grammar or misspelled word and right click on the word to see the suggestions that Word will give you to put in place of the incorrect word and/or grammar. The next feature we will discuss is the status bar. It is located at the bottom of the current document window that you are creating just above the Windows task bar. It presents information about the document such as the progress of current tasks. It also displays how many pages in the document and on which page you are currently on. It also displays how many words you have typed which will be very helpful in the case that you may have to write a report with let us say 500 words in it. It also displays your spelling and grammar check icon to let you know if you have any errors. A blue check displayed on the icon means you do not currently have any errors, while a ed ‘x’ mark means you have an error somewhere in your document, whether it be incorrect grammar or a misspelled word. Also, another feature of Microsoft Word, that I will include for you, that you may find useful is the templates. A template is a starting point that is pre-set, all that is needed done by the operator, which is you, is to fill in the blanks or replace pre-written supplements. Examples of templates include business letters, resumes, academic letters, personal letters, statements, etc. You can view your templates by clicking on the Office Button, then select New, and click on installed templates. The last feature we will discuss is the Word Help feature. It is very useful especially when you are new to Microsoft Word. Any time you are in the process of using Word, it does not matter if you are in the middle of a paragraph, page, or sentence, you can access Word Help to find answers to any of your questions. It responds with a list of search results with different links from many sources that you can click on to display your desired answer. It will minimize your time learning how to use Word and will reduce your frustrations. You can access it by clicking the Microsoft Office Word Help button near the upper right corner of your Word window displayed as a blue circle with a white question mark in the middle. A specific software application that I have found useful on my computer is Microsoft Office Excel. I have found it useful because I can keep track of my financial records, I can make a spreadsheet of how much money I currently have, how much I have spent, what I have spent that money for, and how much money I have remaining. I have also actually made a â€Å"potty chart† for my three-year-old daughter that every time she uses her ‘potty’ on any given day, she receives a sticker on that chart. I have also made chore charts for my household because I have a couple of friends staying with me until they get on their feet. We rotate the chores every week. Finally, the features of my current course website, E-College, that will help me to achieve success in my academic pursuits are: the main Course Home page where I can keep track of new announcements that my professor has posted; he Grade Book tab where I can check to see what my current grade is and the grades I have made on different assignments; and the email tab that lets me keep in touch with my instructor of any personal matters or any questions I may have that I do not want to be shared publicly. I can also keep in touch with my fellow classmates concerning any assignments that I may not understand and I will be able to ask them for help. Good luck with everything. I hope you do very well in your studies and profession. Your friend, Staci N. Phillips How to cite Letter to Simon (Class Discussion), Papers

Educational Institution Namely Retail Business †Free Samples

Question: Discuss About The Educational Institution Namely Retail Business? Answer: Introduction: The aim of the report is to discuss about the educational institution namely the Retail Business and Management College. The college is located at the Mairehau suburb of Christchurch. There is a purpose built education facility within the college campus of the RBM. The tutors at the college are extremely friendly, experienced and are committed to their work of imparting the knowledge to the students who enrol for educational courses at the college. The staff members are extremely qualified and well read and each of them possess educational degrees of appropriate Business and Management qualifications. Each of them have appropriate teaching experience and are well versed with the methods of dealing with students and teaching of effective courses to them as well. Apart from the teachers, the ambience at the college is extremely congenial for the education of the students. The classrooms are huge, spacious and extremely comfortable. All the replete facilities are available for the students, including classrooms, comfortable and spacious common area and also a well equipped cafeteria for the students. Apart from the classrooms, there are audio visual training room, media room, lecture room, as also breakout space for practical activities. A purpose-built computer lab is available for the students to utilize during the office hours. The educational facilities for the students are also available. There is a great collection of books, journals, magazines, newspapers, academic sources, co business and management studies, audio and video CDs, DVDs and all possible sources of information on their available courses. Hostel rooms are also provided for the students, which are clean and tastefully decorated catering to both study as well as relaxation. The basic amenities of the kitchen as well as appliances like fridge, microwave and electric jug are also there including several toilets and shower facilities. All in all, the RBMS college is a perfect place for the students to get their courses and gain valuable and life altering education in the process. Methodology: The methodology includes the data collection and verification of the significance as also the reliability of the data. It also comprises of the effectiveness in collecting information, its proper usage, utility as well as the limitations as an information source (Creswell, 2013). Source for quantitative information: Quantitative information is that which can be directly measured and it is basically factual information rather than any sort of opinion. While testing the results, the analysis needs to be correctly performed in order to analyse it. Quantitative information needs to collected from the customers of any particular place, students of the educational institutions and so on. In some cases the collection of quantitative information is a mixture of both qualitative and quantitative procedures (Johnson Wichern, 2014). Source for qualitative information: Qualitative information is basically information which is not numeric in nature. This sort of information is basically based on the quality of an item or objects or may be the nature of any particular service provided. Qualitative information is mostly based on the opinion of particular individuals (Andrews et al., 2012). The qualitative information is an extremely important source for the analysis on any particular place, object or educational institution. This sort of information is basically based on the self assessed reports on the particular entity considered. Documented data in the form of pamphlets, course details, patterns for examination and so on form the basis of qualitative information in regard of educational institutions (Kolaczyk Csrdi, 2014) Reliability of information collected: Reliability of the information refers to the fact that the data are genuine or not. The Auditing has been collected needs to be genuine because if it is not genuine then the information cannot be utilised for analysis of the said institution. In case the analysis is done on the inaccurate information, then the results of the analysis will also be wrong and the conclusions drawn from the analysis of the information collected will also be incorrect (Mandel, 2012). The validity of the information and also its accuracy is required to be checked before the collected information is utilised for analysis. The reliability analysis can also be done before the actual analysis can be done (Csikszentmihalyi Larson, 2014). Authority for use of information: The internet makes information on several topics available at the click of a finger. It needs to be understood that the information on educational institutions and their internal policies are not easily available. The information is available in limited form from the university or college websites which are authorised providers of information. The authority to use all sources of information is not available to everyone. The use of information needs to be authorised otherwise providing the analysis reports on the information which is unauthorised may lead to legal issues with the concerned institutions. It is always safer to obtain the authorization of particular data before the analysis is done and the reports and recommendations published accordingly. Limitations for use of information: There might be several possible limitations faced in case of information use. In many cases, sufficient and genuine data are not available and before even understanding the problems the data are used and the produced results are incorrect and the results and the interpretations incorrect. The knowledge is not the only issue. There might be several encountered cases in which although the information are found and available, there is not any available authority to use them. There are several factors governing the use of information limitations. It is basically used to encourage the maintenance of innovation. The information is also restricted in cases where the institutions wish to keep the information undisclosed. The limitations are many and in order to overcome them, certain authorisations need to be granted to the analysers and the makers of the report before they can perform the necessary evaluations (Jacobson, McDuff Monroe, 2015). Findings: The findings related to the college are summarized in the form of internal and external factors and also the internal and external environmental conditions. Three sources for Internal Environment Information: The sources of the internal environment information include the SWOT Analysis, the discussion of the core competencies and the Mc Kinseys 7S values. SWOT Analysis: Strengths: The educational institutions are responsible for the growth of human resources. Newer and more important educational reforms are responsible for making the education sector more and more lucrative. It also is responsible for the employment of opportunities of the people who work there; these include the staff as well as the teachers. Weaknesses: The system depends heavily on the government funding. The educational institutions specifically colleges and universities face a lot of political interference which hampers the overall growth of the institution. Often, little scope is left for co-curricular activities. Majority, in fact most of the time is focussed on the educational training. Opportunities: there are possibilities of inflow of foreign students which can lead to high levels of revenue generation. There is also scope for the Indian students to get education at relatively lower costs. There are several equity funds that are likely to invest in education system and hence in the educational institutions (Hollensen, 2015). Threats: Private institutions may not engage in the social responsibility. Higher growth due to foreign students can lead to lesser focus on the domestic students. Mc Kinseys 7S Model: The 7S Model proposed by Mc Kinsey focuses on the concept that there is not only a structure for every organisation or institution but there are also seven critical aspects of an organisation which include the strategy, structure, style, systems, skills, staff and finally the shared values (Palia, De Ryck Mak, 2014). Strategy: The strategy adopted in this case is that of an informative and formal education Structure: There is a detailed system or proposed structure of the education system of the institution. The course patterns as mentioned in the syllabi are clearly mentioned. Style: The style is innovative and unique with real life examples and experiences including audio and video method of teaching. System: The adopted system is basically one to many and in many cases two or three to many. In these cases the teachers are either one two or three in number who impart valuable knowledge to the students. Skills: The skill involved in this education system is that of educational, interpersonal, soft skills and ability to teach in form of groups without faltering. Staff: The staffs are given specific duties which they fulfil to the best of their abilities. Shared values: The shared values include the learning opportunities which occur as a result of group learning and teaching. The students learn and also show their skills while the teachers show their skills and impart knowledge and they work as a team also. Core competencies: The core competencies in case of the educational institutions include the development of study opportunities, imparting of valuable knowledge and developing a framework of the education system such that it is unique and innovative such that the core competencies are not copied by any other educational institution. It is due to this reason that the educational institutions prove to be unique and beneficial. The core competencies should focus on the uniqueness of the education system and the courses imparted in order to be above all other existent and possible competitors. Three sources for External Environment Information: The three possible sources in case of the external environment information include PESTLE, BCG Matrix, and MPs five forces. The Pestle analysis for the educational institution can be stated as follows. Political: The privatisation problems are faced. The government initiatives might create the possibility of risks if the institutions fail to deliver. In case changes are mentioned to the skills needed to be provided as a teacher or educator. Requirement to manage by the self. Economic: Funding decisions can impact the establishment of the institutions. Social: Decline in the birth rate, the reflection of the national trends as also the closure of local firms affect the institutions. Technological: Changes to the standards or wrong selection of technology may lead to problems faced by the institutions. Legislative: New legislative laws might create risks of the non-compliance with the law as also the administrative burdens. Environmental: Newer developments close to the educational institutions might affect the admission in these institutions (Del Marmol, 2015). BCG Matrix: The BCG matrix is basically divided into four quadrants where the market growth rate and the relative market share are stated as dogs which have low market share or low growth. The question marks which include the growth markets with low market share. Stars include the high growth markets as well as high shares. The cash cows indicate the low growth markets and high market share. Porters 5 Forces: The five forces model developed by Michael Porter includes the competition in the industry, the potential of new entrants in the industry, the power of the suppliers, the power of customers, the threat of substitutes in the market as well (Dobbs 2014). Quantitative Retail Business and Management College Data taken from Retail Business and Management College shows that the fees for level 5 /6 is $17,250 and for Level 7 is $18,400 (rbmc.ac.nz, 2017). In addition the college charges additional fees of $705. Lets presume that the total admissions in level 5/6 are 1000 and for level 7 is 1100 for the year 2016. Thus the YOY Change in admissions is 9.09%. Taking the YOY Change to be constant the admission in 2017 would be 1200 in level 7. Thus the revenue for 2017 would be $21,390,000.00 Let us assume that the university would not take the optional fees of $705 from the students in the year 2017. As a result let us assume that the YOY Change for 2016 would be 10.00%. On the condition that optional would not be charged then the admission in 2017 would be 1210. Thus the net increase in the number of students would be 10. Thus the revenue due to scholarship would be $21,568,250.00. In addition due to the not charging of optional fees the net revenue for the university would be $21,561,200.00. Thus the increase in revenue even after distribution of scholarship would be $171,200.00. Hence we can infer that it would be better for the university to provide scholarship of $705 to the students. RBMC Predicted Level 5 6 Level 7 YOY 2017 Headcount 1000 1100 9.09% 1200 Revenue $ 17,250,000.00 $ 20,240,000.00 14.77% Revenue per student $ 17,250.00 $ 18,400.00 $ 17,825.00 1210 Net increase in number of Students 10 Hence Revenue $ 21,568,250.00 Optional fees $ 705.00 $ 7,050.00 Net increase in Revenue $ 21,561,200.00 $ 21,390,000.00 Benefit $ 171,200.00 Discussion: The University that has been taken into consideration is RBMC. The university also earns a huge amount of revenue from each of the students. This has resulted in a 9.09% increase in YOY. With this rate of YOY increase the enrolment in 2017 is going to increase again thus giving a rise in the revenue earned from the students. If the university announces to provide a scholarship to the students, it can be assumed that this will increase in the number of enrolments in the university. Thus, the rate of increase in YOY will be considerable. With higher number of students enrolling for the university, there will be an increase in the total revenue earned by the university. Thus, this little investment of providing scholarships to some of the topper students will result in higher revenues than earlier. This hike in revenue will be much higher than the investment made on scholarships. Thus, the university should be giving away the scholarships to the brilliant students in order to flourish m ore in future. The optional fees as offered is clearly visible as discussed earlier. The net increase in the revenue with respect to the optional fees is calculated. The revenue per student and hence the total amount of student is also obtained. The net increase in the number of the students needs to be understood so that the authorities of the RBMC can reap benefits from their facilities as well as the benefits. The net increase in the number of students is also significant. The final increase in the revenue is also significant. Recommendations: It thus can be recommended from the previous discussions that the university needs to start the scholarship programme immediately in order to receive higher revenues from the students and saving more for the university funds. This will be useful in renovating the university allowing more and more students to come and study here. Despite of the scholarship programmes, the university should also provide the students with the newest study equipments and better infrastructures and high quality professors in order to attract more students. Study sessions should be made both interactive and bookish. Both the things are necessary for the students to gain more knowledge and concentrate on studies. Scholarship will attract the middle class family students who cannot afford for studying at higher costs. This will encourage the students to work harder and score better. Making the university a better place to study by developing all the other factors discussed will attract all types of students. Thus, both the university and the students will be benefited. References: Andrews, L., Higgins, A., Andrews, M. W., Lalor, J. G. (2012). Classic grounded theory to analyse secondary data: Reality and reflections.The Grounded Theory Review,11(1), 12-26. Creswell, J. W. (2013).Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. Csikszentmihalyi, M., Larson, R. (2014). Validity and reliability of the experience-sampling method. InFlow and the foundations of positive psychology(pp. 35-54). Springer Netherlands. Del Marmol, T. (2015).PESTLE Analysis [ePub][electronicresource]: Prepare the Best Strategies in Advance. Dobbs, M. (2014). Guidelines for applying Porter's five forces framework: a set of industry analysis templates.Competitiveness Review,24(1), 32-45. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Jacobson, S. K., McDuff, M., Monroe, M. C. (2015).Conservation education and outreach techniques. Oxford University Press. Johnson, R. A., Wichern, D. W. (2014).Applied multivariate statistical analysis(Vol. 4). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Kolaczyk, E. D., Csrdi, G. (2014).Statistical analysis of network data with R(Vol. 65). New York: Springer. Charles Sturt University [2015] https://www.csu.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/2410791/CSU-at-a-Glance_20161212.pdf La Trobe University [2015] https://www.latrobe.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/781751/Pocket-Statistics-2013-2015.pdf Mandel, J. (2012).The statistical analysis of experimental data. Courier Corporation. Palia, A. P., De Ryck, J., Mak, W. K. (2014). Interactive Online Strategic Market Planning With the Web-based Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix Graphics Package.Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning,29. Retail Business and Management College, rbmc.ac.nz [2017] https://www.rbmc.ac.nz/index.php/other-information/tuition-fee-additional-costs/

Strategic Management and External Business Environment free essay sample

This essay is a case study of analyzing the UK biggest chocolate company Thorntons’ existing strategy in current economic situation using different aspects from both external and internal business environments. In this report I will engage with the business frameworks that we learned in the first five weeks such as S. W. O. T analysis, Porter’s Five Forces, PESTEL analysis as well as Industry life cycle. Moreover the S. W. O.T analysis will be divided to tow parts, which are strength and weakness for internal business environment and opportunities and threads for external business environment. After the full analysis for the existing strategy, we can see whether the strategy is able to face many changes from macro environment or microenvironment in this ever-changing world. 2. Introduction When a new player wants to have business in a new industry, it would better to make a strategy to direct the right way to success. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Management and External Business Environment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Strategic planning is upward focused, looking at ensuring how tactics link up to corporate goals and strategies, strategic thinking is downward focused, looking to ensure that meaning and purpose are diffused throughout the organization so that appropriate goals and tactics can be developed to meet the real needs of the organization. (Shelton amp; Darling, 2001; Whitlock, 2003) 3. External Business Environment 3. 1 PESTEL analysis of chocolate industry As a matter of fact, a full PESTEL analysis can help organizations to protect or handle the unpredictable changes from external environment efficiently in this ever-changing world. Political factors Basically, there is just a few political factors will effect the companies which are having business in chocolate industry, because governments do not have to many limitations to the food industry. However, as the largest UK chocolate company, which has been exploring the foreign market outside EU, several uncertainties, has to be faced, su ch as the taxations in Asia are constantly changing. * Economic factors In this difficult economic situation, every organization suffers a heavy blow from financial crisis and Torntons is no exception. Normally, food industry can reflect the inflation most at the first time. Generally speaking, price of food is the first sign to be noticed when the financial crisis happened. Source: Based on information from http://www. thorntons. co. uk/content 2011 We can easily see that the sales performances of Torntons own stores and franchise decreased during 2010 to 2011. Conversely, the total retail sales had an increase by 8. 2% from 2010 to 2011, which means customers did not spend too much money on the regular price goods. However people bought more chocolate when goods were on sale. In other words, the inflation has a serious impact on people’s life and food industry. * Social Factors Social factors have an impact on the chocolate industry. First of all, in general, people do not think chocolate is a kind of healthy food at all. However, more and more people are seeking a healthy life style right now. So for these people, they would not take the chocolates into considered. On the other hand, due to increasing competition, Torntons has to face lots of challenges with them. * Technological Factors Technology always plays an important role in strategy, because lots of parts of process in organization base on the technology. For a chocolate company how to continuously improve the produce process have to be taken into account. Environment Factors For any food company, they are more dependent on raw materials. However, environment can decided whether companies are able to get good quality raw materials with reasonable price. So environment factor is one of unpredictable factors in PESTEL analysis and organizations have to prepare a back up plan to protect them. * Legal Factors There are two mains factors of legal problems related to Torntons, which are human resource legislation and food hygiene. First of all, the human resource legislation always changes including the working hours and insurance and taxation for the employees. It will affect the human cost directly. On the other hand, because the continually improvement of the food hygiene, the quality of the chocolate will be higher. Food safety is of paramount importance to our manufacturing processes and out single site production facilities at Thornton Park are regularly independently audited against the exacting requirements of the British Retail Consortium’s Global Standard for Food Safety and were reaccredited in June 2011 with its highest Grade A status. (Thorntons PLC 2011:13) 3. 2 Porter’s Five Forces Before a company start to have business in one area, it would better to analysis that this area whether easy to enter in and make profits among the competitors from different aspects including force of entrants, suppliers, buyers, substitutes and rivalry which called Porter’s Five Forces. Porter’s Five Forces framework identifies the attractiveness of an industry or sector in terms of competitive forces. (Johnson et al 2010) * Power of buyers Because of Thorntons’ pattern of distribution, they are only own stores and franchisees. Meanwhile, they do not have store in any large retail chains that can reduce the power of buyers. Thus, power of buyers for Thorntons is small and steady. * Power of suppliers Thorntons is not only has in-house supply, but also has several aspects need outside suppliers such as some raw materials (cocoa beans, sugar and milk) and service. But in terms of the big brand name, Thorntons still got strong supports from the outside suppliers with reasonable price. * Threats of substitutes For chocolate, only taste, form and packaging can be imitated, which means the there are a lot of threats of substitutes, because these three points are very easy to follow and copy. Moreover, not only traditional chocolate companies could produce substitutes products, but also some other snack food item could imitate the chocolate taste. * Threats of entrants Normally, entry into the chocolate industry or market would need a lot of requirements, such as investment for the manufacturing facilities and human resource. However the most important requirement is having a unique formula to produce chocolate, which is the value for a new brand just entered into this industry. Thus, for chocolate industry is quite difficult for the new players to entry into. * Intensity of rivalry The intensity of rivalry can be many types such as price competition as well as advertisement between the competitors. Fortunately, competitions in the Thorntons’ level just have a few competitors. However this will be a big threat to Thorntons because fewer competitors that mean new plays will locate their positioning in this level. 3. 3 Industry life cycle analysis Source: Johnson et al, Exploring Strategy, 2010 According to the sales performance of the UK chocolate industry, we can easily see that from 2005 to 2012 the performance of sales increases steadily at the shake-out stage in the industry life cycle. . 4 S. W. O. T analysis (Opportunities and Threats) Opportunities More and more people like to buy box chocolate as a gift. Easy trade outside EU. UK government has a strong support to import and export food. Increasingly mature E-market. Threats Many traditional chocolate companies start to transform their product to Thorntons’ level. Because of epidemic s pread in EU, it seriously affects the export trade. Inflation makes the price of store rent, raw materials and human resource increase. 4. Internal Business Environment After analyzing the external business environment of the Thorntons, we can take a look of the internal business environment. It is also quite an important part for an organization. 4. 1 Internal capabilities: resources and competences As the biggest chocolate company in UK, the main resource of Thorntons is its intangible resource especially the brand image actually. When people want to buy a box of chocolate as a gift, Thorntons will be the first brand come to mind immediately. This is the core of success of the Thorntons. As a matter of fact, Thorntons realized this intangible and intelligent using it. They put more and more emphasis on making the products unique with the strong brand image. That is why they still have a large group of target audience until now. On the other hand, competence for an organization has to be divided to two parts, one is threshold competence, and another one is core competence. Obviously, the requirements of threshold competence of chocolate company are not too much. Except the manufacturing of producing chocolate, the rest requirements are similar to the other industries. However, in order to gain more market share in the chocolate industry, the core competence has to be very unique. For Thorntons, they put much emphasis on different type of chocolate whether the form or topic of chocolates or unique packaging. 4. 2 S. W. O. T analysis (Strengths and Weaknesses) Strengths * High quality chocolate * Unique packaging design * Mature supply chain * Strong brand image among British Weakness * High cost for international buyers * Too much operating cost for the own stores * Don’t have enough breakthrough in future 5. Conclusion After a deep analysis of the Thorntons’ existing strategy, we can draw a conclusion that there are still having several elements from external business environment will affect the organization. However a perfect strategy plan could protect the organization to survival from the unpredictable changings of the world. Through the PESTEL analysis, for the food industry, the economic and social factors will affect it more than others. Moreover, the marketing positioning of Thorntons is between traditional chocolate and premier chocolate. So there are just a few competitors in this part of market. According to the Porter’s Five Forces analysis, we can also see that the intensity of rivalry is low which means Thorntons does not have too much competition. It is difficult for new players to entry into this industry.

Let Me Not to the Marriage of True Minds by William Shakespeare Essays

Let Me Not to the Marriage of True Minds by William Shakespeare Essays Let Me Not to the Marriage of True Minds by William Shakespeare Paper Let Me Not to the Marriage of True Minds by William Shakespeare Paper Basically, this poem is about love, but here shakespeare has discussed the love which is in his mind. you may disagree with him if you like. The first stanza in this poem is a quatrain and its rhyme scheme is abab. Shakespeare uses alliteration, assonance, consonance, and repetition to develop this stanza, which, as a whole, states that love does not change. The first line contains an example of alliteration in the words â€Å"me,† â€Å"marriage,† and â€Å"minds. † In this line, he is referring to love as â€Å"the marriage of true minds. † He uses the alliteration of the â€Å"m† sound to draw attention to his view of love as being a type of marriage. The words â€Å"admit† and â€Å"impediments† in the second line are examples of both assonance and consonance because of the identical â€Å"i† and â€Å"m† sounds. The second, third, and fourth lines of this stanza contain repetition. â€Å"Love,† â€Å"alter,† and â€Å"remove† are repeated to put emphasis on the points that he is trying to make. He is saying that if a person is really in love he or she would not have to make changes in their lover to make themselves happy, and that love cannot be taken back. The second stanza of this poem is a quatrain with a rhyme scheme of cdcd. This stanza contains assonance, a very clever metaphor, and personification in stating that love is ever-lasting and can be used as a guide in life. The words â€Å"star† and â€Å"bark† in line eight of the poem contain assonance of the â€Å"a† sound. Shakespeare uses this assonance to bring attention to the metaphor he is using, which compares love to the North Star, which is a guide for ships. By following their hearts, people can use love as a guide to get them through life. Also, the North Star is relatively permanent, and Shakespeare says love is an â€Å"ever-fixed mark† in line five of the poem. Line eight refers to a star when it says â€Å"Whose worth’s unknown, although his height be taken. † Stars have neither ownership nor a set gender, so this line contains personification. Shakespeare speaks of love as if it were human to express the importance of it. The third stanza of this poem is another quatrain and its rhyme scheme is efef. Personification, assonance, and consonance help to get the point across that love is independent of time. In lines eight and nine, Shakespeare says â€Å"Love’s not Time’s fool, though rosy lips and cheeks within his bending sickle’s compass come. Even though beauty fades with time, love does not. Shakespeare personifies time to help express that love does not operate on any specific clock. He even capitalizes â€Å"Time† as if it were a real person’s name. He also personifies death in line nine when he refers to the bending sickle, which would be the weapon of the infamous reaper. Death can t ake away physical traits, but not true love. Shakespeare intentionally expresses his view of love as not yielding to time or any other force. The use of the words â€Å"but† and â€Å"bear† in line twelve of the poem is an example of alliteration. Shakespeare uses these words to help express that love can survive anything on its own despite the pressures and influences of time. The fourth and final stanza of this poem is a couplet with a rhyme scheme of gg. In this stanza, the poet-speaker boasts how confident he is in his opinion of love, suggesting that if his opinion is wrong, no one has ever loved. In line fourteen, the poet-speaker declares â€Å"I never writ, nor no man ever loved. † The words â€Å"never,† â€Å"no,† and â€Å"nor† are an example of alliteration. These negative words are used to strengthen the poet-speaker’s certainty of his opinion of love. Line fourteen also has internal rhyme. â€Å"Never† and â€Å"ever† are positioned before the word â€Å"loved†. Shakespeare uses this internal rhyme to make it clear that the speaker has full faith in his own words. William Shakespeare’s poem â€Å"Sonnet 116 is an excellent poem. Using multiple literary tools, such as metaphors, personification, and internal rhyme, Shakespeare has created a masterpiece that describes love by what it is and is not. Because of the brilliant use of tools and flow in this poem, it will remain one of the best poems ever written.

Are males and females motivated differenlty in PE Essay

Are males and females motivated differenlty in PE - Essay Example The participants were asked to answer a questionnaire to establish the gender differences in the motivation of students to participate in sports. The author, Nathalie Koivula, used a seven-point scale very similar to the one used by this author in the questionnaire created for this study. The author also discussed relevant research and studies previously conducted by other researchers. Koivuli (1999) concluded hr findings after explaining the results by stating that: The findings of the present study suggest that gender and gender-based processing correlate with the reasons given for participation in sports, some of which have been demonstrated in the present study, as well as earlier ones, to correlate with both frequency and the amount of time spent participating. It is therefore of interest to include these variables when generating and elaborating theoretical models to explain sport behavior. This article is useful to this study in that gender differences with regards to motivation is discussed in detail. This author was able to glean important points that was explained in the discussion section of this dissertation. It is important to note that although Koivuli had different results than this author, a point of comparison was made and an improvement in the motivation for participating in PE classes was seen as a result. Student Motivation in Physical Education: Breaking Down Barriers; Student Motivation in Physical Education Typically Declines after the Early Years. Why? and What Can Be Done about It? By Claire M. Mowling et al. This article discusses student motivation with regards to participation in Physical Education classes. The author delves into intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and how they present a problem with regards to students not being encouraged that much to participate actively in PE classes. The author then proceed to outline methods on how to bring down the barriers and improvements that can be made in order to address the issue

Report 1b Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Report 1b - Essay Example This report tries to put across some of these concepts that media has impacted to people. The ideas are sampled from the comments made by other students on the same and other sources whose link is given for one to get more information on the same Social responsibility is vital fo companies as this make it survive as it intarracts with the community. Sustainability of the enterprise requires an active social responsibility that attracts more customers to deal with the enterprise http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/NewsDetails.aspx?storyid=395681. This elaborates the need of incorporation of social resposibility for business sustenance and advantages in competition although the stategy may lead to a lowprofit making (DuBrin, 2012). The other vital link illustrates the enhancement of gender diversity by Microsoft in the workplace. There is exploration of diversity in gender at workplace in the Microsoft office. Through this the company has achieved gender leadership diversity with women in executive positions (DuBrin, 2012). Diversity in workplace is important in improving innovativeness and overall performance. Transformation in work environment using initiative ‘New World of Work’ that enables employees to work from any place using technology. This diversity improves productivity of the employees http://www.humanresourcesonline.net/enabling-gender-diversity-workplace/. This explains not only the gender diversity but also diversity culture of working with new technology.this information is relevant in current diversity issues in workplace. Gilli comments that the ethical of the food companies. (Kattasova, 2014) Here there is the case environmental context of leadership and ethics in addition to social responsibility. There is the highlighting of theses issues through rating firms basing on their different activities. Its facilitated through a mean of ensuring strict

The School Community Relationship

The School Community Relationship Education is an important tool in the development of communities and nations at large. The provision and management of quality education lies not only at the heart of central government but remains a shared responsibility of all stakeholders and the building of good working relationship among these stakeholders with particular emphasis on improving the school-community relationship . This stems from the fact point that education is seen as a social enterprise requiring the support of all stakeholders so that its contribution can benefit the entire society. (Addae-Boahene et.al,2001). For the attainment of quality education, there is the need for the community in which the school is situated to work in collaboration and harmony with the school not only in the upbringing and welfare of the pupils but must go beyond that to offer support in the provision and maintenance of the school infrastructure as well as playing a critical supporting role in the effective management and administration of the school. The school, similar to other facilities such as the community market, community borehole, is situated in the community belonging to the entire community members. The community therefore has a role to play in shaping the policies and finances of the school just as the school in turn must function to meet the social needs of the community by turning out a literate population and transmitting culture of the community to the youth. Improving the school-community relationship is key because both bodies are interdependent and failure on the part of either body to play its role can lead to a collapse of the education system with its consequent effect on the society as a whole. Again, though formal education is said to have been introduced in Ghana by the Europeans who provided not only the curricular but the infrastructure inclusive, the schools were not cited initially enough to cover all the communities in Ghana. It is against this background that some communities desirous of having formal education took it upon themselves and established basic schools, willingly recruited teachers and contributed to support them with the resources needed for their work including remuneration. As the process continued these schools were later absorbed into the public school system. (Addae-Boahene, et.al.2001).The management and financing of these schools then shifted from the communities to the central government; this created a situation that witnessed less community involvement in the management of schools, hence the beginning of poor school-community relationship. The Ministry of Education (MOE) and The Ghana Education Service (GES) recognized the importance of reciprocal partnership of school-community leaders and local school authorities in effecting changes in the school. Under the Free Compulsory Universal Basic Education (fCUBE), MOE, and GES, who have committed themselves to building a systematic approach assisting community organizations (SMC and PTA) to play a major part in the regeneration of their schools. It is the belief of the MOE and GES that communities have an important role to play in enforcing standards, developing and maintaining school infrastructure, and creating partnership between teachers, pupils and the district authorities to bring about needed changes. In conclusion the school and the community rely on each other for mutual benefit. The need for both to operate on a cooperative atmosphere cannot therefore be overemphasized. (Addae-Boahene, et.al.2001). RESEARCH PROBLEM It is very necessary that in all communities, both the community and the school operate closely and co-operate with each other as the ownership and management of the school is gradually becoming community-based, a situation in which the head teacher and the circuit supervisor should see the members of the community as partners in the educational development of the child. The significance of this relationship includes: The motivation of the school to function with the interest of the wholesome development of the society. Both the school and the community working in the same direction for the proper development of the children and the community supporting the school financially, among others. However, the central government control and management of education delivery system over a long period has had an adverse effect on the relationship between the school and the community. The kind of relationship in which the school and the community exist as separate entities. Both are seen as performing different functions and hence need not interfere with each other. The school officials run the school while the Community look on. What happens by way of development or information flow in the community is not the concern of the school and vice versa. Members of the community do not care to find out what goes on in the school nor does the school develop interest in what goes on in the community. Each of them feels the other has nothing to offer, and no effort is made for cooperation. (Amofa, 1999). This kind of relationship also called the Closed System, is very prevalent in rural areas, (Annoh, 2003). This has contributed to less community involvement and commitment in the quality m anagement of education in Ghana and the Tolon/Kumbungu District of Northern Region in particular. These poor school-community relationships in the Tolon/Kumbungu District manifest itself in several ways including; On August 1, 2009, the head teacher of Gbrumani Primary School was beaten by some community members citing the head teachers effort at settling a quarrel between two pupils in the school as interference in community affairs. May, 2010, Nyankpala community members turned Nyankpala D/A Junior High School classrooms into community toilet facility. Again, Chirifoyili community encroached on the school land, turning it to a farm land in 2008 with the argument that they will not spare their land to the school and suffer insufficient farmland.(circuit supervisors report).These incidents signal to the level of strained relationships that prevails between the school and the community in the district. These acts are impacting negatively on the delivery of education in the district. quality of education continues to fall in the district as reflected in the BECE results released by WAEC year after year. (GES Tolon, 2006,2008,2009). There is high illiteracy rate in the district, coupled with low enrolment and high drop-out rates in the schools. (Tolon/Kumbungu District profile; 2004). It is against this background that the researcher finds the research problem of this study being, the lack of improved school-community relationship in the Tolon/Kumbungu District of Northern Region, as very necessary and worth undertaken. MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION Arising from the research problem stated as, the lack of improved relationship between the school and community, the main research question for the study is; what strategies can be put in place in order to build an improved relationship between the school and the community? SUB RESEARCH QUESTIONS What is the importance of building an improved relationship between the school and community? What is meant by improved school-community relationship? What are the causes of the lack of improved relationship between the school and community? What roles can both the school and the community play towards promoting an improved school-community relationship? What are the principles underlying school community relations? MAIN RESEARCH OBJECTIVE To recommend strategies that can be put in place to promote an improved school-community relationship. SUB RESEARCH OBJECTIVES To highlight the importance of building an improved relationship between the school and community. To explain the concept of improved school-community relationship. To identify the causes of the lack of improved relationship between the school and community. To identify the roles both the school and the community can play towards promoting an improved school-community relationship. To highlight the principles underlying school community relations. LITERATURE REVIEW Conceptual Framework In this study the concepts that will be reviewed include; school, community, the school community, school management, community stakeholders, relationship, and improved relationship. In the research process, the researcher will review literature from secondary sources as this will help the researcher to; Make use of results of existing studies that are closely related to the study being conducted (Croswell, 1998: 20). Locate methodologies previously used to conduct studies in phenomenon similar to this study and to identify contrary findings (Mcmillan, 1992: 44). The researcher will employ the use of literature review in conducting this study since it will provide an understanding of the phenomenon of improved school-community relationship. It will also help to provide an analytical and theoretical framework for analyzing the findings of the research. In this; textbooks, published papers, newspaper publications, containing subjects related to the research problem will be reviewed. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design This research design is basically qualitative in nature and to achieve the purpose of the study, the following methods have been employed; participant observation, interviewing, focus group discussion, review of secondary literature, interview guide, and purposive sampling. The tools that will be used to facilitate the data collection are field notes, tape recordings and manual recordings. The data analysis will involve the use of coding, transcribing tape recording, and decoding the data transcribed. According to Strauss and Corbin (1990), qualitative research is a type of research whose findings are neither arrived at by means of statistical procedures nor quantitative means. According to Nachmias and Nachmias (1996:28), qualitative approaches facilitates our understanding of behavior through knowing the persons involved and their rituals, beliefs, values, and emotions. Qualitative approach is necessary in this study because it allows the researcher to typically investigate an aspect, thus, the lack of improved relationship between the school and the community, as it pertains to the Tolon/Kumbungu district. Again, Mcmillan and Schumacher (1993), state that qualitative research presents facts in a narrative form with words and also concerned with understanding social phenomenon from the perspective of the participants. Furthermore, the researcher will be able to gain first hand information from the people involved including head teacher/teachers, School Management Committees(SMCs), Parent Teacher Association(PTA), circuit supervisors, chiefs and assembly members, on their knowledge regarding the lack of improved school-community relationship in the district, why there is lack of improved relationship between the school and the community, the role they can play to improve the relationship, and the strategies to put in place to promote and sustain improved school-community relationship. The use of multi-method strategies in gathering data is very necessary in qualitative research. For the purpose of this study, the methods to employ in gathering data are; interactive methods and non-interactive methods. A combination of these two approaches presents to the researcher an advantage of systematically observing, interviewing, and recording processes as they take place naturally. The appropriateness of these activities to the researcher emerges from the point as explained by Miles and Huberman (1994), that they are carried out in close proximity to the local setting for a sustained period of time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF RESEARCH METHODS TO USE FOR THE STUDY Participant Observation In participant observation, researchers join the group they intend to study and observe it from inside (Legewie, 1991). Subjects usually change their behaviors when they know that they are being observed, so researchers may take measures to prevent them realizing that they are being studies, and hence eliminate the effects of reactivity (sarantakos, 2005; 221) Unstructured observation will be used in the study. Unstructured observation is loosely organized and the process of observation is largely left up to the observer. Participant observation will be used in this study. The researcher will visit the community schools in the Tolon/Kumbungu District and participate in both school ceremonies and community ceremonies and note all issues that reveal the lack of improved relationship between the school and the community, including; SMC/PTA meetings. The school annual open day ceremony . The celebration of the annual Damba and Fire festival. This approach will provide an opportunity for open discussion during which certain challenging issues will emerge. Interviewing In the perspective of Maykut and Morehouse (1994;80), an interview refers to a discourse shaped and organized through the asking of questions and the supply of answers, through which the interviewer and the interviewee are able to talk about the study focus; and this brings out thoughts and perceptions. On the other hand, Gillham (2000; 1) describes interview as a conversation that usually goes on between two people, the interviewer asks questions and seeks response from the interviewee. Interviews can be conducted face-to-face, through the telephone, or other means, but according to Gillham (2000: 62), the overwhelming strength of face-to-face interview is its possibility of making the communication rich. Interviews, according to Bogdan and Bilklen (1992:96) are used to gather descriptive data in the subjects own words. Through this, the researcher is able to develop insights on how subjects interpret some piece of the world. The researcher will employ semi-structured interview method for this study. Semi-Structured Interviews This method has been chosen for use for a number of good reasons. According to Borg and Gall (1989; 452), semi-structured interview facilitates a more thorough understanding of the respondents opinion and the reasons behind such opinions than what could be achieved if mailed questionnaire is used. Also, this method is good because it makes it possible for the expression of opinions by the interviewees. Again Robson (1993;231) states that, when using semi-structured method, the interviewer has the advantage of being able to modify the order of questions based upon the context of the conversation, change the wording of the question, give explanations and can avoid particular questions that appear inappropriate with a particular interviewee. Semi-structured interview has been chosen by the researcher because it has the ability to provide in-depth, objective information that account for the lack of improved school-community relationship. Though semi-structured interview will be used, the interview guide will still be used to keep the interviewer and interviewee on focus. Focus Group Discussions Focus group research can best be described as a loosely constructed discussion with a group of people brought together for the purpose of the study, guided by the research and addressed as a group. Due to the use of interviewing techniques, it is also referred to as focus group interviewing (as e.g. Bergaddresses it because and ;( ­ 1995, the group rather then specific members, it is also known as group discussion, (H. Kruger, 1983). Given that more then one group is usually included in the study, and each group constitute a separate sample of respondents, focus group can be seen as a multi-sample study. In most common application, this method entails, first the selection of people with a particular interest, expertise or position in the community, second, the formation of the group by bringing these people together in the same venue; third, the introduction of the discussion topic by the researcher, who acts as a facilitator and arbitrator, fourth, guiding the discussion so as to address the research topic, fifth, encouraging discussion among the members of the group rather than between them and the researcher, and sixth, observing and recording the discussion (sarantakos, 2005): The focus group method appears in two forms, the unstructured or semi-structured form and the structured form, which are employed by qualitative and quantitative researchers respectively (Stewart and shamdasani, 1990). Focus group discussing is employed to bring about changes in the group and its members, as a result of the direction and intensity of the discussion. It can further provide valuable information about group processes, attitude changes and manipulation, the attitudes and opinions of group members, the group or public, the effectiveness of certain methods and so on. It can also enable the testing of group strategies in solving problems (flick, 1998). Finally, the study of focus group can generate diversity and differences either within or between groups, and so revealà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. the dilemmatic nature of everyday arguments; (Lunt and Livingstone, 1996:96) This approach will be used to promote brainstorming and debate among the participants on key issues affecting school-community relationship in the district. Again focus group discussions promote the sharing and learning of new ideas among participants. The researcher will be part of the group discussion and moderating the process as well to keep the discussion on track. A total of 30 focus groups made of 15 people each will be engaged in the study (these are the PTA and SMC members of the 30 selected schools). How To Collect The Data For the purpose of data collection, the researcher will use the following tools; Interview Guide, Field Notes, and Recording. Interview Guide This will be very useful in this study. According to Borg and Gall (1989; 451), interview guide is a list containing questions mostly asked in a desired manner in the interview process. It serves as a guideline to the researcher on what to say, as the interview commences and ends. It is regarded as a checklist of topics to be covered by Dooley (1990:288), and it includes reminders of researchers interest arranged in an orderly manner to promote intercourse. In general terms, it is a guide but allowing actual questions to be framed during the interview to fit the natural tone of the intercourse between the interviewer and the interviewee. This helps to ensure that the interviewee remains unbiased in responses given. This also allows the researcher to select topics in advance but determines the sequence and wording of the questions during the interview process. (Mcmillan and Schumacher, 1993:426). The guide equally enables the researcher not to rigidly control the interview content such that the interviewee will not be able to tell the story in his own words. (Bogdan and Biklen,1992;97). For the purpose of this study, the researcher will promote flexibility by allowing the respondents to explain issues in their own words and language. Again, there will be instances in this study that the interviewer will not follow a specific order of the questions, but will rather link one response to another question not necessarily next in order as the need arises. Field Notes This will be used for noting information that may not be captured by the tape recording. This will serve as a buffer to remind the researcher during data analysis. According to Mcmillan and Schumacher (1993; 418), field notes are written at the end of each observation and describes in details the settings and activities of each subject. This will only be used for the participant observation. RECORDIING The most common methods of recording are: writing down information verbatim, in summary or in key words; tape recording conversations; video recording events; taking photographs, (sarantakoss,2006:229). For the purpose of this study tape recording, manual recording and coding will be used Tape Recording Tape recordings will also be used. Tape recordings are easier and certainly more efficient. The tapes can be listened to as many times as required, using more then one observer if desired, and this produces more accurate and more valid records (Sarandakos, 2005:229) The researcher will employ tape recordings during the interview process to record the intercourse that occurs between the interviewer and interviewee. The recordings will be played back later and the words transcribed for the purpose of data analysis. The interviewees permission will be sought by the interviewer before the use of tape recordings. The use of tape recording will help minimize possible errors that may result from forgetfulness on the part of the interviewer during the interview process. It can equally minimize the time spent in the interview. Manual RECORDIING Manual recording will equally be used, whereby two leaders will be used, with each of them taking notes in turn or one recording the data and the other acting as facilitator (sarantakos,2005). This will be transcribed later. Where circumstances do not allow for note taking, the observer will write down key words or phrases as a guide, and complete the notes after observation. CODING Codes serves as symbols, a shorthand recording, where actions and behaviors are replaced by numerals or keywords. This makes recording easier, particularly when there are many items to be recorded and many people to be observed. (sarantakos, 2005:230). SAMPLING Under qualitative designs for example where unstructured or participant observation is employed, the subjects are often chosen by means of purpose or theoretical sampling (sarantakos, 2005:224) The researcher acknowledges that the problem under study may be prevailing in other districts in the Northern Region; however the study will be limited to the Tolon/Kumbungu District of the Northern Region because there is high illiteracy rate in the district, coupled with low enrolment and high drop-out rates in the schools. (Tolon/Kumbungu District profile; 2004). Sampling is used for the study because the district has a large population size of 132,338 inhabitants (2000 population and housing census), therefore a focus on a small distinct group of participants (SMC, PTA, head teachers, circuit supervisors, chiefs, and assembly members), will enable the researcher to get an in-depth understanding of the problem of lack of improved school-community relationship in the Tolon/Kumbungu district. Purposive sampling will be the main sampling technique to use in the study. It is also the expectation of the researcher that the selected participants will be information-rich, because they are knowledgeable in terms of the phenomenon being studied. Purposive Sampling The researcher will select and interview community stakeholders in education such as PTA and SMC members, head teachers, circuit supervisors, chiefs, and assembly members. Responses and contributions of these people can form a good basis for carrying out analysis and stating findings of study in the district. There has been consensus by Gillham (2000); Mcmillan and Schumacher (1993:378); and Patton (1990:169) that purposive sampling involves selecting people with in-depth knowledge of the problem being studied, while keeping the number of interviews to a minimum for adequate representation. The people that will be selected for this study should have good ideas regarding the problem being studied. (Mcmillan and Schumacher, 1993; 378). Sample Size The district has 150 basic schools (Tolon/Kumbungu District Profile, 2004). A total of 70 people will be interviewed. This includes; 30 head teachers drawn from 30 schools out of a total of 150 basic schools in the district, 30 assembly members of the communities where these schools are located and 10 circuit supervisors supervising these schools .Study Area Tolon/Kumbungu district is chosen as the study area. The district covers a land area of 2,741 square kilometers and forms about 3.9% of the total land area of Northern Region. The district is one of the 45 new districts created by the erstwhile Provisional National Defense Council (PNDC) Law 207 in 1988 and has Tolon as the Capital. The district is characterized by high illiteracy rate, coupled with low enrolment rates and high drop-out rate in schools. (Tolon/Kumbungu District Profile, 2004). DATA ANALYSIS Unlike quantitative research, where analysis is conducted after data collection, in qualitative research the timing of analysis varies. In some cases it follows the same path as in quantitative research, but in most cases it is conducted during data collection. A combination of both models is also possible (sarantakos, 2005:344) For the purpose of this research, data analysis will be done both, during and after data collection. While collecting data, the researcher will conduct some basic analysis, record the data, and further intensify data analysis after completing the study and focusing on more specific aspects of the research question as contained in the research. In a number of cases, analysis during data collection serves to guide research in the right direction, and to facilitate a more effective treatment and coverage of the research topic. The actual analysis is conducted after data gathering is completed (sarantakos, 2005:346). Computer-Aided Data analysis (CADA) will be used to analyze data. Computers can be, and are being used in qualitative research in the context of both pure qualitative research, where analysis is done the traditional way, and the so-called enriched qualitative research (contrad and Reinharz, 1984; Fielding and Lee, 1998; Fisher, 1997, Richards, 1986; Richards and Richards, 1987,1994; Weitzman and Miles, 1994). Computer aided data analysis (CADA) is used in many forms and allows the qualitative research to process data in a way parallel to that in quantitative research (Huber, 1991; Madron, Tate and Brookshire 1987; Ragin, 1987), (Sarantakos, 2005:357) A major data analysis instrument that will be employed in this study is concepts and indicators. Indicators are concrete data, such as behavior patterns and social events, which are observed or described in documents or interview texts. They indicate the presence of a concept which the researcher develops, at first provisionally and then with more confidence. (Sarantakos, 2005:347). Analysis will be done by thoroughly examining the field notes of what will be observed by the researcher and the responses of every participant that will be interviewed. In line with Maykut and Morehouse (1994: 135), the following data analysis steps will be adopted for the study; Recording the interview conducted, making a reflection of the process, and carrying out further observations and writing notes, comments, as well as memos. Transcribing what has been recorded in the exact words. This will be done immediately after the interviews of the day. All additional comments will be placed in brackets. Reading through the data that has been transcribed and stating clearly in writing, the meaning of the transcribed data. Coding the data and identifying the code meanings in line with research question. All key items or categories (the main ideas, words,or phrases) will be listed. The researcher will then go through the literature to find out whether responses of interviewees bear common grounds with the research topic as well as other respondents conclusions in similar research works. This is done for the purpose of testing the validity of the study. Data presentation Certainly, tables and graphs are useful tools of presentation in qualitative research, but the structure of presentation does not seem to adhere to any strict rules and procedures. TIME FRAME The researcher plans to spend a period of 5 months in carrying out the study including the compilation and presentation of the report.

Alternative Rural Construction Technologies in North East India

Dissertation LITERATURE REVIEW ALTERNATIVE RURAL CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES ( NORTH-EAST INDIA ) Introduction:The North Eastern portion of India has ever been a absorbing country for travelers and adventurers. The rich heritage is exemplified through the ethnicity, tradition, support, and besides by the architectural typologies. Several distinguishable architectural characteristics are seen in North East provinces, which differ by clime and deep frozen traditions. The architecture of this country evolved in class of clip and were largely built by the dwellers themselves, without any preparation in building. Yet, due to uninterrupted engagement in the field of building, they finally came to cognize about the different margins considered in planing a house, which can be seen or understood through their home grounds. These houses, built with locally available stuffs, were sensitive to the bing environment and took into consideration the restraints imposed by the clime. These countries are able to supply its home ground with the building needs, but due to the deficiency of knowledge/awareness, these resources has non been utilized expeditiously. In order to use these available resources most expeditiously, it is necessary to advance the usage of advanced edifice stuffs and building techniques. Extension of energy and cost effectual edifice stuffs, use of agricultural by-products/wastes every bit good as locally available stuffs, cheaper and clip salvaging building techniques and efficient house programs at low-cost cost, has a great significance in the present rural scenario. This paper aims at the survey of common architecture of these country. Note the pros and cons of the present building scenarios, and better on them to do a more efficient home grounds, through alternate technologies/improving on the available resources to do a more efficient houses. The architectural solution can be attained through a deep survey and apprehension of this field. The research inquiry being, How to advance and widen appropriate building engineerings to better rural architecture? Thus it aims to analyze the present rural architecture ( taking NE India as a mention ) and better on it, to utilize the available resources most efficient. Reappraisal:Alternate rural building engineerings aims at happening the resources available in the North East India, and bettering on them to do the most out of it. Ever since adult male become colonist, he experiment assorted natural resources for constructing a shelter. Certain stuffs become the rule edifice stuffs and are continued to be used in building, some of them in its original signifier while some after intervention or byproduct of nature. But, due to scarceness of the resources, inaccessibility on site, deficiency of cognition for using the help stuffs and assorted other grounds, demands for innovation of new stuffs arise. Some of them, even though normally used in building and dependable stuffs, are scarce or a menace to nature. Therefore, using the natural resources and utilizing them in a more efficient manner demands to be prioritized instead than trusting on imported materials/ engineerings. Let’s expression at the North east country as a whole and see, what the conditions of edifice building are, the pros and cons of the present scenario. Here is the program of a edifice made out of clay, ( writer ) . In this, we have a house widening 6.9m/ 4.9m, it has an country in the which are being used for cookery and fixing nutrient, and comes the following subdivision, where other day-to-day activities happens, or instead their twenty-four hours infinite, and the other room being the bed room. All other activities like, bathing, fixing nutrient for farm animal, making their demands go on near their house. The present issues here are like, shelter for them while making their other activities outside their place. Sufficient air and light motion in the house. Unnecessary use of building stuffs, like for illustration, the thickness or the sum of stuffs usage ( beginning: writer ) in building the walls, roofs, flooring could hold been reduced by decently reenforcing the stuffs or by utilizing them in a more appropriate ways non merely to cut down the sum of stuffs used, but besides to do it last longer, fire cogent evidence or even utilizing other more appropriate stuffs. In malice of the fact that stuffs used for building or programs of the edifice are non satisfactory, yet these present edifices provides them with a thermic comfort, and other assorted margins which one frequently fails to accomplish in the modern houses. Therefore, non merely implementing new materials/ design of a edifice or planning, bettering and happening alternate agreement on the pros of the present rural building and replacing the cons. Besides, some or instead, many of the present issues faced in the rural building are merely because of the deficiency of cognition, the short approachs of these issues could be solved non merely by replacing the stuffs or alteration of design, but by agencies of minor alterations, like the sum of stuffs used, care jobs, etc. farther testing is needed, since cognition of grounds of failure/ short coming of certain issues are limited. These issues could be solved by farther study/ research to supply the appropriate solutions and non merely rely on premises made to be the ground for failure of the bing design or certain stuff. These research will take at analyzing farther more into these issues and seek to come up with an appropriate solution for the issues. Alternate rural building engineerings non merely aims at merely changing/ bettering on the bing stuffs, but it besides aims at doing the house program for a more efficient usage of infinite, both the negative and positive. To suite a ) the clime B ) the geographics on which the edifice is supposed to sit degree Celsius ) the civilization ( including the faith, tradition, societal activities ) & A ; and most significantly vitamin D ) the inhabitants. Therefore, alternate engineerings can be looked upon under three different stairss the first being the design ( planning of the house- before the onsite executing of the house ) , Construction ( materials- the onsite executing of the designed house ) and Home/ home ( culture- the after executing of the house ) .The design ( planning of the house- before the onsite executing of the house ) – Design of a rural house is more complex and hard than the urban 1s, as it normally has to get by non merely for the family/owner but with their farm animal excessively ( Baker Laurie ) . There is besides normally a demand for covered infinite outside the house for all kinds of businesss, weaving, basket devising, cyberspaces and fishing, nutrient drying and processing etc. Because, many of the abodes if non all are normally husbandmans. The unfastened infinite around the house is every bit of import as the house itself, as it is really much in usage for cookery, storing, animate being, dome stic fowl etc.The present conditions in these countries could non supply desirable shelter for different season of the twelvemonth for the said demands, due to miss of cognition, economic position, etc. Therefore, these of import activities happens in the country which are uncovered/ sometimes making ineluctable issues during rainy season, rough summer/winter, etc. So, basic programs which aims at minimizing and spread outing every bit and when possible is needed or by supplying some short of shelter for these out-of-door activities for these seasons.Construction ( materials- the onsite executing of the designed house ) –Execution is the phase where the conceptual is being shaped into things that can be sensed by other people. An thought must be realized in stuffs ( Henry Glassie, 1984 ) materialisation raises complexnesss in architectural communicating non met in verbal communicating and it limits construct. The determination to make a edifice is the determination to destruc t some portion of the material existence. Our natural things are destroyed- trees have been cut down, rock being broken into pieces, old places are razed off– to do things better. The effort to better our homes by destructing the nature is technological. Every technological act entails alterations in two major dealingss: one between the homo to the non-human universe, and the other one within the universe of the people itself. Technology required the forfeit of extant stuffs that finally do non owe their presence to human existences. Therefore, by sagely using what Mother Nature gave us, we non merely give back to nature, but the human- ourselves, as Brundtland ( 1987 ) provinces, Sustainable development is development that meets the demands of the present without compromising the demands of future coevalss to run into their ain demands. This definition of Brundtland contains within it two cardinal constructs: the construct of demands, to which overruling precedence should be given and the construct of restrictions, to run into the present and future demands. One needs to take stuffs for building sing the undermentioned points-They should be locally available.Preference should be given to stuffs of low embodied energy.Minimum C footmark stuffs.Biodegradable and renewable stuffs.They should hold long life and lasting, andMaterials should be reclaimable and reclaimable.Home/ home ( culture- the after executing of the house ) – Culture, intending the people who are populating in the executed house, the tradition, society, life style, is one of import facet for planing a house. A place is a house where the household lives. So, the manner the household maintains or uses the house besides plays an of import function in the lastingness of the house, stableness and even thermic responds of the house. For case, a traditional Earth houses provide changeless thermal comfort by regular care, it needs to be plastered after every five old ages, due to its exposure to the exterior atmosphere. If non, the thermic comfort provided by the houses red uces, same goes for a thatch roof, without regular care H2O sipping through the roof can be experienced. Therefore regular attention has to be provided to the houses, even after it is one time constructed. Last, this research/ findings purpose at supplying a building stuffs which is more lasting, needs less care, and stable, these can be achieved by choosing the right type of stuffs for the right clime, geographics and handiness, or by intervention of the bing stuffs to do it needs less care. Yet, continue attention has to be taken by the proprietors, for the place to supply them healthy built in environment to populate in.Bibliographies: Glassie Henry, Material Culture, Vol. 16, No.1 ( Spring 1984 ) . Common Architecture and Society, Pioneer America Society. Bakers Laurie, Rural house programs. Anubha, Barun, Belal, Kartik, Kaushik, Nitin, et Al. 1990, Clay Products Manufacture, Clay undertakings III yr. B.Arch, SPA Delhi.